Ⅰ 、UPVC/CPVC Piping System

 

1、Material Characteristic

Polyvinyl chloride is polymerized of monomer vinyl chloride (VCM). It is used for construction, sewerage pipes and other pipe applications because of its biological and chemical resistance and workability. It’s more effective than traditional materials such as copper, iron or wood in pipe and profile applications.

CPVC is PVC (polyvinyl chloride) that has been chlorinated. Depending on the method, a varying amount of chlorine is introduced into the polymer allowing for a measured way to fine tune the final properties. The chlorine content may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer; the base can be as low as PVC 56.7% to as high as 74% by mass, although most commercial resins have chlorine content from 63% to 69%.CPVC can withstand corrosive water at temperatures greater than PVC, typically 40°C to 50°C (104°F to 122°F) or higher, contributing to its popularity as a material for water piping systems in residential as well as commercial construction.

 

2、Introduction to UPVC/CPVC Piping System

UPVC/CPVC pipes are in widespread use in a number of industries, ranging from residential plumbing to complex water treatment systems. Because of the material properties of UPVC/CPVC pipes, they are highly valuable as a thermo-resistant structure, fire retardant fabric, and as a high quality water conduit in many construction applications. UPVC/CPVC pipes are superior to most other modern materials due to environmental friendliness, chemical resistance, inherent toughness, heat resistance, and being electrically non-conductive/non-corrosive.

Max working temperature of UPVC pipes is 60℃, and they are usually used below 45℃. They are applied for water supply system, agriculture irrigation system, and pipes for air conditioning.

Max working temperature of CPVC pipes is 110℃, and they are usually used below 95℃.They are applied for petro, electronics, chemical engineering, food, and metal plating industries.

 

3、Physical Properties

Physical Properties for UPVC

Item	Unit	Standard Value	Standard
Density	kg/m³	1350~1460	ISO 1183
Vicat	℃	（PIPE）≥80，（FITTING）≥74	ISO 2507
Tensile Strength	MPa	≥40	ISO 6259
Impact Strength	KJ/㎡	11.0	ISO 179
Vertical Retraction Ratio	%	≤5	ISO 2505
Drop-weight Test（0 ℃）	TIR	≤10%	ISO 3127

 

Physical Properties for CPVC

Item	Unit	Standard Value	Standard
Density	kg/m³	1450~1650	ISO 1183
Vicat	℃	（PIPE）≥110，（FITTING）≥103	ISO 2507
Tensile Strength	MPa	≥50	ISO 6259
Impact Strength	KJ/㎡	8.0	ISO 179
Vertical Retraction Ratio	%	≤5	ISO 2505
Drop-weight Test（0 ℃）	TIR	≤10%	ISO 3127

 

4、Temp & Pressure relation between UPVC and CPVC pipelines

The operating pressure in the UPVC and CPVC pipelines at higher temperatures is listed in the following table, with the pressure at the at normal operating temperature 73℉（23℃） scaled to be 100%.

 

℉	73	80	90	100	110	120	130	140	150	160	170	180	190	200	210
℃	23	27	32	38	43	49	54	60	66	71	77	82	88	93	99
UPVC(%)	100	90	75	62	50	40	30	22	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
CPVC(%)	100	100	91	82	73	65	57	50	45	40	32	25	22	20	0

Note: UPVC pipes with screws should not be operated over 110 ℉(43℃); CPVC ones should not be operated over 150℉（66℃）.

 

UPVC/CPVC use temperature and operating pressure change table

 

Ⅱ、PPR/PPH Piping System

 

1、Material Characteristics

Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications including packaging and labeling, textiles (e.g., ropes, thermal underwear and carpets), stationery, plastic parts and reusable containers of various types, laboratory equipment, loudspeakers, automotive components, and polymer banknotes. There are three general types of polypropylene: homopolymer, random copolymer, and block copolymer. The comonomer is typically used with ethylene. Polypropylene Random Copolymer (PP-R) is formulated by adding randomly polymerized ethylene monomer to polypropylene homopolymer. It decreases the polymer crystallinity and makes the polymer more transparent.

Polypropylene Homopolymer (PP-H) is another type of PP. It has better temperature & creep resistance than PPR, and with low temperature impact strength.

 

2、Introduction to PPR/PPH Piping System

Presently PPH/PPR pipes & fittings are most reliable in plumbing and water supply plants, due to their chemical features and fusion welding, which ensures the plumbing to have a perfect seal tight system. Approved by the Health Organization with characteristics such as Eco-friendly and high temperature resistance, PPH/PPR pipes & fittings have been taken as one of the best solution for piping systems.

Max working temperature of PPR pipes is 95℃, and they are usually used below 70℃.They are appied for transferring corrosive material below 70℃, and also for pressured liquid transfer, for example, household water system.

Max temperature of PPH pipes is 110℃, and they are usually used below 90℃.They are applied for cooling water transfer, corrosive material transfer, fume ducts, electrolyze systems, and other piping systems with acid liquids.

 

3、Physical Properties

Physical Properties of PPR Pipes

Item	Unit	Standard Value	Standard
Density	kg/m³	900~920	ISO 1183
Vicat	℃	≥91	ISO 2507
Tensile Strength	MPa	≥25	ISO 6259
Impact Strength（23℃）	KJ/㎡	40	ISO 179
Vertical Retraction Ratio (135 ℃)	%	≤2	ISO 2505

 

Physical Properties of PPH Pipes

Item	Unit	Standard Value	Standard
Density	kg/m³	905~915	ISO 1183
Vicat	℃	≥95	ISO 2507
Tensile Strength	MPa	≥27	ISO 6259
Impact Strength（23℃）	KJ/㎡	50	ISO 179
Vertical Retraction Ratio (150 ℃)	%	≤2	ISO 2505

 

4、Temp & Pressure relation between PPR and PPH pipelines

 

℉	50	68	77	86	104	122	140	158	176	194	203	212	230
℃	10	20	25	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	95	100	110
UPVC(%)	100	100	100	85	70	55	40	27	15	8	0	0	0
CPVC(%)	100	100	100	92	76	65	56	44	35.5	31.5	27	18	0

 

PPR/PPH use temperature and operating pressure change table

 

Ⅲ、PVDF Piping System

 

1、Material Characteristics

Max working temperature of PVDF pipes is 200℃, and they can be used for a long time in the temperature range of -50℃ ~ 150℃. Except hydrochloric acid and strong solvent, PVDF can withstand all salt, acid, alkali, aromatic hydrocarbon, halogen and other media. And with its excellent corrosion resistance, long service life and high safety performance, PVDF products widely used in severe environment which high temperature, high pressure, low temperature, high vacuum and heavy corrosion. PVDF products is one of the best choice of the current industrial pipeline system.

 

2、Introduction to PVDF Piping System

Max working temperature of PVDF pipes is 200℃, and they can be used for a long time in the temperature range of -50℃ ~ 150℃. Except hydrochloric acid and strong solvent, PVDF can withstand all salt, acid, alkali, aromatic hydrocarbon, halogen and other media. And with its excellent corrosion resistance, long service life and high safety performance, PVDF products widely used in severe environment which high temperature, high pressure, low temperature, high vacuum and heavy corrosion. PVDF products is one of the best choice of the current industrial pipeline system.

 

3、Physical Properties

Physical Properties of PVDF Pipes

Item	Unit	Standard Value	Standard
Density	kg/m³	1770～1790	ISO 1183
Vicat	℃	≥165	ISO 2507
Tensile Strength	MPa	≥40	ISO 6259
Impact Strength（23℃）	KJ/㎡	≥160	ISO 179
Vertical Retraction Ratio (150 ℃)	%	≤2	ISO 2505